Valerie Trahan
2045 Emerson (Lower)
Berkeley, CA
94703
Attorney General Kamala Harris
Attorney General's Office
California Department of Justice
Attn: Public Inquiry Unit
P.O. Box 944255
Sacramento, CA 94244-2550
California Department of Justice
Attn: Public Inquiry Unit
P.O. Box 944255
Sacramento, CA 94244-2550
WHISTLE BLOWER LETTER
Title: Is Berkeley more racially biased than Ferguson Missouri?
There has been much media coverage about the racial biases and
negative police practices associated with Ferguson Missouri. In light of the
recent articles about Police Stops in Berkeley, CA, I took it upon myself to
see if the disparities were in fact as biased as advertised. I was also curious
to see if in fact police stops in Berkeley, CA were more prevalent than in the
much publicized practices in Ferguson Missouri.
For my inquiry I used the legally recognized “One
Proportion Z Test Statistics Calculator”. The calculation measures expected
results based on population with observed results. The calculator also converts
the query in to standard deviations to measure for disparate treatment results
or (happenings no attributed to chance).
I started with the East Bay Express Article (regarding
Berkeley,CA) on police stops to gather my data. To make sure my query was
honest I subtracted 557 police stops from the total to get my total of 4658
stops. Keep in mind the African American Population of Berkeley is 8% .I also
want people to keep in mind that Berkeley is a University Town and does get
traffic from other “visitors”
from other cites. Berkeley has Oakland to the south and San Francisco
across the bay. However, my statistical findings were astonishing. Based on the
African American population of Berkeley the expected number of stops for
African Americans was roughly 373. (372.64 rounded up). However the observed
proportion of 30.5% or 1421 detained African Americans is probative evidence of
bias. The Z-Test showed 56 standard
deviations! (anything over 5 is considered intentional
discrimination;(http://www.biddle.com/documents/twostats.htm) I also used the
legally recognized binomial probability method (heads or tails test) and
computed an equally astonishing 0.000001 % probability of a random event. In
other words the data suggests that Police are targeting African Americans while
in Berkeley.
We move onto Ferguson Missouri. Ferguson Missouri is 67% African
American. According to the article in “The Atlantic”
blacks in Ferguson amounted to 86% of all police stops. Again the
expected number based on the sample size of 5384 was 3607 stops. However,
observed stops for African Americans constituted 4630. This is 1023 more stops
than expected. The Z-Test Standard Deviation number computed to 29.649 standard
deviations. The Binomial(heads or tails test) also came to 0.000001. The
Ferguson numbers while horrific don’t compare to
the disparity in Berkeley, California. I have lived in Berkeley all my life and
have recently retired from teaching at Berkeley High School. The empirical
question must be asked: Is Berkeley, California more racist than Ferguson,
Missouri?
Valerie Trahan
Masters Degree in Education; Harvard University
phone: 510-689-6123
email: trahan.valerie@yahoo.com
DATA and ARTICLES are attached.
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